As discussed in the
Emergency Department prior to discharge, you have been diagnosed with a
migraine headache. Migraine
headaches or "migraines" are a kind of headache that can happen in
adults and children. They are more common
in women than in men. Migraines often
start off mild and then get worse.
Symptoms of migraine can include:
-Headache that gets worse over several
hours and is usually throbbing. It often
affects 1 side of the head or is described as being behind one of the eyes.
-Nausea and sometimes vomiting
-Feeling sensitive to light and
noise. Lying down in a quiet, dark room
often helps.
-An aura which is a symptom or feeling
that happens before or during the migraine headache. Each person's aura is different, but in most
cases the aura affects the vision. You
might see flashing lights, bright spots, or zig-zag lines, or lose part of your
vision. Or you might have numbness and
tingling of the lips, lower face, and fingers of one hand. Some people hear sounds or have ringing in
their ears as part of their aura. The
aura usually lasts a few minutes to an hour and then goes away, but most often
lasts 15 to 30 minutes.
-Women who get migraines with an aura
usually cannot take birth control pills.
That's because they might increase the risk of stroke.
Many people get other symptoms that happen several hours or even a day before the migraine headache. Doctors call these "premonitory" or "prodromal" symptoms. They might include yawning, feeling depressed, irritability, food cravings, constipation, or a stiff neck.
Some people find that their migraines are
triggered by certain things. If you can
avoid some of these things, you can lower your chances of getting
migraines. You can also keep a "headache
calendar." In the calendar, write
down every time you have a migraine and what you ate and did before it
started. That way you can find out if
there is anything you should avoid eating or doing. You can also write down what medicine you
took and whether or not it helped.
Common migraine triggers include stress,
hormonal changes, skipping meals or not eating enough, changes in the weather,
sleeping too much or too little, bright or flashing lights, drinking alcohol,
and certain drinks or foods, such as red wine, aged cheese, and hot dogs
If your migraines are frequent or severe,
your doctor can suggest others ways to help prevent them. For example, it might
help to learn relaxation techniques and ways to manage stress.
There are also medicines that can help.
For mild migraines, your doctor might
suggest an over-the-counter medicine such as Acetaminophen
(Tylenol), Ibuprofen
(Advil, Motrin), or Naproxen
(Aleve). There is also a medicine that
combines Acetaminophen, Aspirin,
and Caffeine (brand name Excedrin).
For more severe migraines, there are
prescription medicines that can help.
You may have been prescribed a prescription medication ending with
‘-triptan,’ such as Sumatriptan (brand name Imitrex) or Rizatriptan
(Maxalt). These medications can cause drowsiness,
so you should NOT DRIVE WITHIN 8-12 HOURS OF TAKING THEM. You should also follow up with your primary
care provider since these medications should not be taken long term in
patient’s with a significant family history of heart disease.
You may alternatively have been
prescribed a prescription medication that is a combination of Acetaminophen,
Butalbital, and Caffeine (brand name Fioricet).
This medications can cause drowsiness, so you should NOT DRIVE WITHIN 8
HOURS OF TAKING IT.
If you have severe nausea or vomiting
with your migraines, there are medicines that can help with that, too. If you have been prescribed a medication for
nausea, take it as prescribed.
You should follow up with your primary
care provider to discuss additional treatment options, including medications
that can decrease the frequency of migraines or prevent them, and for
consideration of referral to Neurology for further management.
Do not try to treat frequent migraines on
your own with non-prescription pain medicines.
Taking non-prescription pain medicines too often can actually cause more
headaches later.
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